某弹药发射自燃现象的原因分析

针对某轻武器在连续射弹60发后弹药在药室内自燃现象的原因分析.通过建立弹丸发射过程中含镀铬层身管和带漆层药筒的传热模型,选取药筒漆层厚度、身管与药筒紧密程度、药筒漆层破损状况3个关键因素进行传热分析.该研究证明了现有漆层厚度能保证弹药的安全性,说明弹药自燃主要原因是火药气体进入纵向气槽导致.     

报废弹药绿色无害化处理技术发展思路探讨

针对报废弹药处理中存在的问题,对国内外报废弹药处理发展现状和发展趋势进行分析,提出未来绿色无害化处理技术的发展思路、目标和内容,以及措施和建议。该思路可为报废弹药无害化处理发展规划,研究方向提供参考。     

基于小口径报废炮弹拆卸系统的研究

为安全拆卸销毁弹药,以小口径报废炮弹为对象,对其拆卸系统进行研究。根据弹药拆卸的基本信息, 按照弹药生产装配的逆顺序,分析弹药拆卸装置的主要技术问题,确定弹药零部件拆卸模式,为解决旋卸引信系统 “打滑”发射药系统倒残药和控制系统的问题,提出处理底火的方式以及对中央控制系统的要求。该研究解决了待 处理炮弹大量积压的问题,提高了工作效率,且生产工作安全性高。     

废旧弹药装药倒空现状与发展

针对目前废旧弹药销毁处理需求日益增长的现状,基于弹药的绿色处理要求,分析常见弹丸装药物理特性,依据装药特性对装药倒空方法进行归纳分类.对比分析7种装药倒空方法的原理、技术及特征,提出弹丸装药倒空方法评价体系,指出电磁感应加热倒空法将成为未来装药倒空的主要发展方向.该分析工作对改善我国废旧弹药处理现状,实现安全、绿色、高效处理具有重要意义.     

Synthesis and Characterization of 1‐Nitroguanyl‐3‐nitro‐5‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole

The synthesis of 1‐nitroguanyl‐3‐nitro‐5‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (ANTA‐NQ) ( 1 ) with good yield and high purity is described. DSC analysis showed that the material displays good thermal stability. An X‐ray crystallographic analysis confirms the structure of this material, as well as displays intramolecular hydrogen bonding. A gas pycnometry density for this material was measured to be 1.79 g cm⁻³. The heat of formation of this material was also measured. These data, along with the molecular formula were used as inputs to calculate the detonation velocity and detonation pressure using the Cheetah thermochemical code. The sensitivity of this material towards impact, spark and friction was also measured, as well as its vacuum thermal stability. The 3‐azido derivative 2 was also prepared and its properties are described as well. The above data show that (ANTA‐NQ) may be a high performing material with low sensitivity and good thermal stability.     

Thermal and Sensitivity Study of Dihydroxyl Ammonium 5,5′‐Bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate (TKX‐50)‐based Melt Cast Explosive Formulations

Dihydroxyl ammonium 5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate (TKX‐50) is a promising energetic material with predicted performance similar to RDX as well as to CL‐20. In the present study, TKX‐50 was evaluated as a possible replacement for RDX in TNT‐based, aluminized as well as non‐aluminized melt cast formulations. Thermal analysis reveals the compatibility of TKX‐50 with benchmark explosives like RDX and TNT in explosive formulations. This paper describes the thermal and sensitivity study of TKX‐50 with RDX and TNT‐based melt cast explosives. The result indicated that TKX‐50 can be effectively used as a RDX replacement in melt cast explosive formulations. TKX‐50/TNT‐based aluminized composition shows more thermal stability than RDX/TNT based composition, which clearly indicated the usefulness of TKX‐50 in melt cast explosive formulations.     

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoenergetics Based Composition B

Explosive compositions employing nanoscale crystals of high explosives (i. e., nanoenergetics) have demonstrated reduced sensitivities to external stimuli. Until recently, the investigated formulations were limited to plastic bonded explosives. Explosives that are normally melt‐cast also would benefit from the use of nanoenergetics. However, the integration of nanoenergetics into the melt‐cast process is challenging due to the large surface area and solubility associated with nanoenergetics. In this work, we explored the preparation of nanoenergetics‐based Composition B (Comp B), a widely used melt‐cast explosive, by spray drying followed by mechanical compaction. The Comp B molding powder obtained from spray drying was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The structure and the shock sensitivity of the compacted nanoenergetics‐based Comp B (N‐Comp B), both as‐prepared and thermally cycled, was also studied using melt‐cast Comp B as the reference material. The characterization shows that N‐Comp B consisting of nanoscale cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and trinitrotoluene (TNT) contains mostly nanoscale voids but has a large number density. Reduced shock sensitivity was observed from N‐Comp B, attributed to the elimination of large voids. But the decrease seems to have been constrained by the large number density of voids. Thermal cycling induced significant structural change, i. e., the increase of both void size and the crystal size, causing an increase in sensitivity. Procedures are proposed to further reduce the sensitivity and enhance the thermal stability of N‐Comp B.     

起爆方式对聚能射流影响的数值仿真研究

应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D有限元分析软件,采用ALE算法对在同种装药结构条件下的药型罩顶部单点起爆、顶面双环线起爆、装药面轴向外壁中心单环线起爆、三环线起爆后形成的聚能射流分别进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明,起爆方式对射流性能有着重要的影响,不同起爆方式在装药中形成不同的爆轰波形,药型罩顶部双环线起爆比单点起爆后形成的射流头部速度提高11.6%;装药面轴向外壁线起爆比药型罩顶部任何方式起爆后形成的聚能射流头部速度都低,装药面轴向外壁三环线起爆比药型罩顶部双环线起爆后形成的射流头部速度降低18%;同时进行了验证实验,仿真结果与实验结果吻合。     

弹药元器件(PAA)正确包装的虚拟现实检测技术应用研究

利用虚拟现实技术,通过构建PAA进行包装的虚拟交互环境,采取HV分割方法对PAA包装进行测试,提出了测试PAA包装是否正确的一种新途径,从而可在包装上提高PAA这类特殊商品的安全性能。     

美军弹药的托盘化集装现状及发展趋势

介绍了美军弹药托盘化集合包装的现状,分析了新时期美军集装托盘包装的发展趋势,并就开展我军弹药托盘化集合包装提出了初步设想.